COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TROGLODYTIC ARCHITECTURE IN KAL-E JENNI REGION OF TABAS WITH OTHER SIMILAR STRUCTURES OF TABAS CITY

Keshavarz Divkolaee, Mohammad; Zoghi Marandiz, Hamid

doi:10.22034/jsbs.2022.338042.1020

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TROGLODYTIC ARCHITECTURE IN KAL-E JENNI REGION OF TABAS WITH OTHER SIMILAR STRUCTURES OF TABAS CITY

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Mohammad Keshavarz Divkolaee ¹

Hamid Zoghi Marandiz ²

¹ Member of ISMEO, Rom, Italy, /ICTA- ICOMOS, Iran

² Member of ICOMOS, Iran

10.22034/jsbs.2022.338042.1020

Abstract

After introducing the examples of the Troglodytic caves’ architectural structures in Iran and paying more attention to this type of ancient architecture, two valuable examples of which are Kandovan and Meymand village, studies on this type of architecture became common in all parts of Iran. We see different types of Troglodytic architecture from north to south and east to west of Iran due to the geological structure. The authors of this article provide a structural study of the Troglodytic caves in the Kal-e Jenni area of Tabas city. This structure, known among the locals as Gabri House and also as Mehr Kadeh, was carved out of a very cohesive sand bed of the river wall that dried up millennia ago, conveying a kind of principles of architecture that are still in use with different functions in our modern world. Regarding the library and field studies on this area, there are similarities and differences in the architectural structure of this edifice with others found around the city of Tabas. It is a building with a corridor entrance attached to a vertical corridor moving upwards and then in the building a corridor ending in five small rooms on both sides. The existence of a well in this building is important.

Keywords

Troglodytic architecture (Dast-Kand)

Tabas

Kal-e Jenni

چکیده: در حوزه معماری دست‌کند بعد از معرفی بسیاری از سازه های ایران و توجه بیشتر به ساختار‌شناسی این گونه معماری که دو نمونه ارزشمند آن روستای دست‌کند کندوان و دیگری روستای میمند هستند، مطالعات بر روی این گونه به تمام نقاط ایران رسیده است. از شمال تا جنوب و شرق تا غرب ایران با توجه به ساختار زمین‌شناسی شاهد گونه‌های مختلف معماری دست‌کند هستیم. نگارندگان این مقاله به بررسی سازه‌ای در منطقه کال جنی در شهرستان طبس میپردازند. این دست کند که در بین مردم به خانه گبری و همچنین به مهرکده معروف است در بستر ماسه‌ای بسیار منسجم در جداره دیواره رودخانه‌ای که هزاره‌ها قبل خشک شده است حفر شده و به نوعی اصولی از معماری را رعایت کرده که در دنیای مدرن نیز با کاربری مختلف ساخته شده‌اند. این بنا با توجه به مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی در این منطقه، تشابهات و تفاوتهایی در ساختار معماری این دست‌کند با دیگر دست‌کندهای موجود در اطراف شهرستان طبس وجود دارد. سازه‌ای با یک ورودی دالان شکل و در ادامه یک راهرو عمودی رو به بالا و بعد در ساختمان یک راهروی کشیده که در دو ضلع آن پنج اتاق کوچک تعبیه شده است و وجود یک چاه در این دست‌کند حائز اهمیت است. می‌توان با مقایسه ساختار معماری و تطبیق آن با سازه های مشابه در منطقه به این امر دست یافت.

کلیدواژه: معماری دست‌کند، طبس، کال جنی.

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