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Journal of Sistan and Baluchistan Studies

Journal of Sistan and Baluchistan Studies

ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITION OF THE SHAHR-DRAZ SITE IN THE DAMAN RIVER BASIN BASED ON POTTERY FINDINGS FROM SURFACE SURVEY AND SOUNDING TO DETERMINE THE CORE ZONE

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors
Mohammad Keikha 1
Yasaman Nasiripour 2
Sahar Bakhtiari 3
Sepideh Bakhtiari 4
1 PhD student in Archaeology.
2 Archaeology Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Postdoctoral Researcher in Archaeology.
4 Archaeology Department, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University Of Mazandaran, Iran.
10.22034/jsbs.2024.385522.1045
Abstract
The Shahr-Draz site is located in Southeast Iran in the Daman River basin in the center of the Shahr-Draz village of Iranshahr County in the center of Sistan and Baluchistan Province. The Bampur River basin is one of the important ancient areas in the Baluchistan region. Bampur River is formed by the joining of small rivers such as Karvandar and Daman and many other small branches and flows in the east-west direction. Daman and Bampur Rivers were the center of the formation of significant sites in the Bronze Age, which played an essential role in the formation of human communities. The Daman River basin has been a communication corridor between the north, center, and south of Baluchistan. To protect the Shahr-Draz site, the first author was commissioned by the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage of Sistan and Baluchistan Province to conduct a field survey and sounding to determine the core zone and propose the buffer zone for this site in the summer and fall of 2020, which lasted 45 days. During this period, the site was carefully surveyed step-by-step, and 14 trenches with 1 × 1 m dimensions were dug in different directions. During the project, 112 potsherds were identified, registered, and studied. The present research aims to study the found pottery from this site and compare it with other simultaneous sites in neighboring areas. This work has been done with the purpose of a comprehensive understanding of the condition of this site and the extent of its cultural interactions to realize the cultural dynamics of the region. In this research, two methods of documentary and field research have been used. The results show that the Shahr-Draz site with an area of about 35 hectares in the Daman River basin had cultural continuity during the Bronze Age and the pottery of this site has the most similarities with the pottery of the ancient sites of Bampur and the Pakistan region. In addition, based on the typology of pottery, it seems that in the Bronze Age, the Daman River basin had not only extensive regional and extra-regional relations, but was also one of the important communication routes and the connecting point between the sites of Central Baluchistan and the sites of Soghan Valley, Makran, Sistan, and Baluchistan of Pakistan.
Keywords
Shahr-Draz site
Baluchistan
the Daman River basin
Bronze Age
Pottery
Comparative typology

چکیده: محوطه شهردراز در جنوب شرقی ایران در حوضه رودخانه دامن در مرکز روستای شهردراز، شهرستان ایرانشهر در مرکز استان سیستان و بلوچستان قرار دارد. حوضه رودخانه بمپور یکی از مناطق مهم باستانی در منطقه بلوچستان است. رودخانه بمپور از بهم پیوستن رودخانه‌های کوچکی چون کارواندر و دامان و بسیاری از شاخه‌های کوچک دیگر تشکیل شده و در جهت شرقی ـ غربی جریان دارد. رودخانه‌های دامن و بمپور مرکز شکل‌گیری مکان‌های مهمی در عصر مفرغ بودند که نقش اساسی در شکل‌گیری جوامع انسانی داشتند. حوضه رودخانه دامن یک کریدور ارتباطی بین شمال، مرکز و جنوب بلوچستان بوده است. برای حفاظت از محوطه شهردراز، اولین نویسنده از سوی اداره کل میراث فرهنگی استان سیستان و بلوچستان مأموریت یافت تا در این محوطه بررسی میدانی و گمانه‌زنی برای تعیین عرصه و پیشنهاد حریم انجام دهد. این پروژه در پاییز و زمستان سال ۱۳۹۹ به مدت 45 روز انجام شد. در این مدت محوطه به صورت گام به گام مورد بررسی دقیق قرار گرفت و ۱۴ ترانشه به ابعاد ۱×۱ متر در جهات مختلف حفر شد. در این پروژه ۱۱۲ قطعه سفال شناسایی، ثبت و مطالعه شد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی سفال‌های کشف شده از این محوطه و مقایسه آن با سایر محوطه‌های همزمان در مناطق همجوار و به منظور شناخت همه جانبه از وضعیت این محوطه و میزان تعاملات فرهنگی آن برای تحقق پویایی فرهنگی منطقه انجام شد. در این تحقیق از دو روش اسنادی و میدانی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که محوطه شهردراز با وسعتی در حدود 35 هکتار در حوضه رودخانه دامن در عصر مفرغ تداوم فرهنگی داشته و سفال‌های این محوطه بیشترین شباهت را با سفال‌های محوطه‌های باستانی بمپور و پاکستان دارد. علاوه بر این، بر اساس گونه‌شناسی سفال، به نظر می‌رسد، در عصر مفرغ، حوضه رودخانه دامن نه تنها روابط گسترده منطقه‌ای و فرامنطقه‌ای داشته، بلکه یکی از راه‌های ارتباطی مهم و نقطه اتصال بین محوطه‌های بلوچستان مرکزی و محوطه‌های دره سوغان، مکران، سیستان و بلوچستان پاکستان بوده است.

کلیدواژه: محوطه شهردراز، بلوچستان، حوضه رودخانه دامن، عصر مفرغ، سفال، گونه‌شناسی مقایسه‌ای.

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Journal of Sistan and Baluchistan Studies
Volume 3, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 63-75

  • Receive Date 15 September 2023
  • Revise Date 02 December 2023
  • Accept Date 12 December 2023
  • Publish Date 01 December 2023