ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF ANAR COUNTY, KERMAN PROVINCE

Azizi Kharanaghi, Mohammad Hossein; Jamshidi Yeganeh, Sepideh; Akbari, Afshin; Darvish Khezri, Sahar; Asad Abdul Alizadeh, Mehdi

doi:10.22034/jsbs.2023.398279.1050

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF ANAR COUNTY, KERMAN PROVINCE

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Mohammad Hossein Azizi Kharanaghi ¹

Sepideh Jamshidi Yeganeh ²

Afshin Akbari ³

Sahar Darvish Khezri ³

Mehdi Asad Abdul Alizadeh ⁴

¹ Assistant Professor, Iranian Center for Archaeological Research (ICAR), Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Tehran, Iran.

² Wolfson college, University of Oxford.

³ MA Student, Department of Archaeology, University of Tehran, Iran.

⁴ BA Student, Department of Archaeology, of Jiroft University, Iran.

10.22034/jsbs.2023.398279.1050

Abstract

Archaeological surveys are the first phase in archaeological studies. Identifying the historical works in a geographical area, in addition to knowing the historical-cultural evolutions of that area is also very important from the administrative and executive point of view in the face of construction plans, and urban and rural development. Having sufficient knowledge of the historical sites of a particular geographical area increases the possibility of preserving historical monuments in the face of construction projects. Kerman, the country's largest province, is located in the southeast of Iran. This province is considered one of the main historical-cultural centers and one of the richest archaeological regions of Iran. Due to the climatic and environmental diversity and the diversity of plant, animal, and human habitats, this region has attracted human groups since prehistoric times. Anar County in the north of Kerman province and adjacent to Yazd province is one of the driest and most desert parts of Kerman province where no coherent archaeological studies have been conducted before. In 2021, archaeological surveys of this city were conducted to complete the archaeological map of the country. During these surveys, 120 cultural-historical works were identified, of which the earliest works are related to the Epipalaeolithic period, and the latest works are related to the late Islamic era (Qajar/Pahlavi). The identified works are divided into 6 different groups including 6 sites, 49 aqueducts, 15 water structures, 7 religious buildings, 39 historical monuments, and 4 historical contexts. Among these findings, 17 works have been registered in the list of national works of Iran.

Keywords

Archaeological survey

Kerman

Anar

Settlement pattern

Relative chronology

چکیده: بررسی‌های باستان‌شناسی نخستین گام، مطالعات باستان‌شناختی است. شناسایی آثار تاریخی موجود در یک منطقه جغرافیایی علاوه بر شناخت تحولات تاریخی ـ فرهنگی منطقه، از لحاظ اداری و اجرایی نیز در مواجه به طرح‌های عمرانی، توسعه شهری و روستایی نیز بسیار حائز اهمیت هستند. داشتن شناخت کافی از مکان‌های تاریخی منطقة جغرافیایی خاص در مواجه به طرح‌های عمرانی، امکان حفظ آثار تاریخی را افزایش می‌دهد. استان کرمان به عنوان پهناورترین استان ایران جنوب شرق ایران قرار دارد. این استان یکی از مراکز اصلی تاریخی ایران و از لحاظ باستان‌شناسی، یکی از غنی‌ترین نواحی ایران محسوب می‌شود که با توجه به گوناگونی‌های اقلیمی و محیطی و تنوع زیستگاه‌های گیاهی، حیوانی و انسانی، منجر به جذب گروه‌های انسانی از ادوار پیش از تاریخ تاکنون شده است. شهرستان انار در شمال استان کرمان و مجاورت استان یزد یکی از خشک و بیابانی‌ترین بخش‌های استان کرمان است که تاکنون مطالعات باستان‌شناختی منسجمی در آن صورت نگرفته بود. در سال ۱۴۰۰ خورشیدی بررسی‌های باستان‌شناسی این شهرستان با هدف تکمیل نقشه باستان‌شناسی کشور انجام شد. طی این مطالعات ۱۲۰ اثر فرهنگی - تاریخی شناسایی شد که از لحاظ گاهنگاری، قدیمی‌ترین آثار مربوط به دوره فراپارینه‌سنگی و جدیدترین مربوط به دوران متأخر اسلامی (قاجار/ پهلوی) است. آثار شناسایی شده به صورت کلی به ۶ کلاسه مختلف شامل: محوطه (۶ اثر)، قنات (۴۹ اثر)، سازه‌های آبی (۱۵ اثر)، بناهای مذهبی (۷ اثر)، بناهای تاریخی (۳۹ اثر) و بافت‌های تاریخی (۴ مورد)، تقسیم شده‌اند که از این میان ۱۷ اثر در فهرست آثار ملی ایران ثبت شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه: بررسی باستان‌شناسی، کرمان، انار، الگوی استقرار، گاهنگاری نسبی.

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